UGC JRF-LECTURERSHIP, English (NATIONAL ELIGIBILITY TEST) Reference Works and other Sources
All the well educated students across India will definitely aim at cracking the most prestigious examination, called NET / JRF (National eligibility test / Junior research fellowship)conducted twice a year by UGC (University grants commission). For more details about this exam please log on to
www.ugc.ac.in
Understanding the difficulties involved in clearing this test, I with the guidance of my professor presenting the list of some important books and other refference works. Besides the titles, the prices of the works, names and addresses of the publishers have also been given for the kind benefit of the students.
I request all the folks out there to go through the same and get back to me with their suggestions, additions and deductions from this list of books. I also request all the members to send me the soft copies if they have any of the list given below. After reading this list, I request all the English students to get in touch with me, so that we'll try to share the work of recording these books.
I wish the members of other subjects also view this list as important refferences have also been given for the first paper of NET exam.
All your comments, complements and suggestions can be directed to
sgreddy4@gmail.com
or call me on 09959392651.
Happy preparation:
UGC JRF-LECTURERSHIP, English (NATIONAL ELIGIBILITY TEST) Reference Works and other Sources
Compiled by, Professor of English.
UGC EXAM FOR JRF/LECTURERSHIP (Humanities) ENGLISH Sets 1-8
Source: Brilliant Tutorials Pvt Ltd, Regd Office: 12, Massilamani Street, T. Nagar, Chennai 600 017; Tel: 24342099, 24343308, Fax: 24343829; Price: Rs. 7000/-
Cosmos Bookhive’s UGC NET/SLET English Literature by B.K. Sawlashwa
Source: Cosmos Bookhive (P) Ltd, Corporate Office 831, Phase-IV, Udyog Nagar, Gurgoan-122016; Tel: 0124-2346280, 2348820; e-mail: booksforall@bookhiveindia.com
Exclusive Coaching and Comprehensive Notes for UGC-NET (English) offered by Vallaths TES (Total English Solutions), 67 Vrindavan Gardens, Pattom Palace PO, Trivandrum 695004 Kerala. Tel: 93878-39871, 0471-2444402; E-mail: vallaths.tes@gmail.com; Website: www.vallathstes.co.in
Comprehensive Notes:
List of Books:
• UGC-NET Comprehensive Guide
• Literary History and Literary Theory
• Analysis of Literary Texts
• Literary Criticism
• Language Studies and Commonwealth Literature
• Compact Guide for Quick Revision
• Objective Questions and Sample Answers
• UGC-NET (English) Workbook
Price: Rs. 1200; Send MO or DD in favour of Kalyani Vallath, payable at Trivandrum. Postage free within India.
Paper I
1. UGC-JRF and Lecturership Test Paper I by H.A. Azeez. Source: Talent Publications, Hospital Road, Peroorkada, Trivendrum 595 005, Tel: 0471-437121. Price Rs. 130.
2. Handbook for College and University Teachers by K. Subramaniyam. Source: K. Subramaniyam, 82/SRT, Municipal Colony, Malakpet, Hyderabad 500 036, Tel: 548932. Price Rs. 88.
3. Upkar’s General Paper – I, by Lal Jain & Dr. K.C. Vashishtha. Source: Upkar Prakashan, Agra – 2; E-mail: info@upkarprakashan.com; Website: www.upkarprakashan.com Price R. 215
4. Upkar’s Practice Workbook General Paper – I. Source: Upkar Prakashan, Agra – 2; E-mail: info@upkarprakashan.com; Website: www.upkarprakashan.com Price Rs. 60
5. Upkar’s General Paper – I, by Lal Jain & Dr. K.C. Vashishtha. Source: Upkar Prakashan, Agra – 2; E-mail: info@upkarprakashan.com; Website: www.upkarprakashan.com Price R. 215
6. Test of Reasoning (Bookhive)
7. Test of Reasoning (Macmillan)
8. Reasoning ‘N’ Reasoning by Ravi Chopra (Galgotia Publications)
9. MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers (7th ed.) Price. Rs. 120. Source: any big book store such as Book Selection Centre, Book Point, etc.
10. Developing Communication Skills by Krishna Mohan and Meera Benerjee (Macmillan). Price Rs. 55.
Paper II
1. Objective English Literature for Competitive Examinations by K. Purushotham. Source: Prakash Book Depot, Bara Bazar, Bareilly 243 003, Tel: 470217, 476499. Price Rs. 75. Contact Dr. K. Purushotham at Tel: 2542038 (Hanamkonda).
11. Upkar’s English Paper – II by Surya Pal Yadav Source: Upkar Prakashan, Agra – 2; E-mail: info@upkarprakashan.com; Website: www.upkarprakashan.com Price Rs. 135
12. Upkar’s English Litt (Paper – II) by Dr. B.B. Jain. Source: Upkar Prakashan, Agra – 2; E-mail: info@upkarprakashan.com; Website: www.upkarprakashan.com Price Rs. 65
2. Upkar’s English (Paper – III) by Dr. B.B. Jain. Source: Upkar Prakashan, Agra – 2; E-mail: info@upkarprakashan.com; Website: www.upkarprakashan.com Price Rs. 80
3. Upkar’s English (Paper – II & III) by Dr. B.B. Jain. Source: Upkar Prakashan, Agra – 2; E-mail: info@upkarprakashan.com; Website: www.upkarprakashan.com Price Rs. 140
4. A Text Book of Viva Voce in English Literature by Dr. Raghukul Tilak. Source: Rajhans Prakashan Mandir, Dharma-Alok, Ram Nagar, Meerut (UP), Tel: 517758. Price Rs. 32.
5. A Dictionary of Literature in the English Language from Chaucer to 1940, Vol. 1 & 2 by Myers. Source: Kakatiya University Library (Reference Section).
6. Glossary of Literary Terms by M.H. Abrams (post 1996 editions). See specially the section on Modern Literary Theories. Source: any big bookstore.
7. A Critical Handbook of Literature in English by Subhamoy Das. Source: Jawahar Publishers & Distributors, 15, DDA Mkt, Ber Sarai (Opp. JNU Old Campus), New Delhi – 110 016. Price Rs. 327/- E-mail: jpd1988@rediffmail.com
8. English Literature for Competitive Examinations (for UGC NET, JRF, SLET etc), 6th edition, by W.R. Goodman. Source: Doaba Publications, 4497/14 Guru Nanak Market, Nai Sarak, Delhi – 110 006. Price Rs. 495/-. Tel: 9811192295. E-mail: doabapub@bol.net.in
Paper II & III
1. English Literature Question Bank: A Compendium for UGC National Eligibility Test (NET) for College Lectureship and JRF by Manmohan Bhatnagar. Source: Creative Books, CB-24, Ring Road, Naraina, New Delhi 110 028, Tel: 3298487. Price Rs. 250.
2. A Compendious History of English Literature by R.D. Trivedi. Source: any big bookstore.
3. Literary Forms, Trends and Movements (A Background to English Literature) by Raghukul Tilak. Source: Rama Brothers, Educational Publishers, Bank Street, Karol Bagh, New Delhi 110 005. Price Rs. 35.
4. A Critical History of English Literature Vol. I, II & III by David Daiches (New Delhi; Allied Publishers, 1992).
Paper III
1. Quintessence of Literary Essays by W.R. Goodman. Source: Doaba House (Book Sellers & Publishers), 1688, Nai Sarak, Delhi 110 006 or any big bookstore, especially Book Selection Centre, SD Road, Secunderabad. Price Rs. 160.
2. Critical Approaches to Literature by David Daiches (2nd ed). Source: Orient Longman, 3-6-272, Himayatnagar, Hyderabad 500 029. Price Rs. 40.
3. Literary Criticism A Work Book: An Introduction to Literary Forms for Indian Students by C. Paul Verghese. Price Rs. 11-50. Specially useful for critical appreciation of poetry.
4. An Introductory Textbook of Linguistics and Phonetics by Dr. Varshney. Source: Student Store, Rampur Bagh, Bareilly 243 001. Price Rs. 45.
5. Advanced Literary Essays by S.P. Sengupta, S.C. Mundra & S.C. Agarwal. Source: Rama Brothers, Bank Street, Karol Bagh, New Delhi 110 005, Tel: 567313. Price Rs. 30.
6. Studying the Novel: An Introduction by Jeremy Hawthorn. Source: Universal Book Stall, 5, Ansari Road, New Delhi 110 002. Price Rs. 20.
7. Modern Applied Linguistics by N. Krishnaswamy, S.K. Verma and M. Nagarajan. Source: Macmillan India press, Chennai 600 041. Price Rs. 93.
Note-1: Most of the above books are available at BOOK SELECTION CENTRE, K.D. House, Near Shalimar Function Hall, Ramkote, Hyderabad 500001; Tel: 040-23446845, 50, 51; E-mail: hyd2_bschyd@sancharnet.in
Note-2: The prices mentioned above are not latest. It is possible that they have been revised now.
Friday, June 4, 2010
Wednesday, March 31, 2010
What’s E-commerce(Electronic Commerce):
What’s E-commerce(Electronic Commerce):
Electronic Commerce or Electronic Marketing is the process of conducting the business transactions through different forms of electronic media like tele-communications, internet and other computer networks. Electronic commerce involves the buying and selling of different kinds of products and services through various forms of electronic media like internet and other computer networks.
The sum of trade conducted under the banner of electronic commerce has grown tremendously during the last few years due to the popularity of internet and other electronic media. The use of commerce is conducted in this way, spurring and drawing on innovations in electronic funds transfer, supply chain management, Internet marketing, online transaction processing, electronic data interchange (EDI), inventory management systems, and automated data collection systems.
Modern E-Commerce uses the internet as the primary medium for conducting the business besides other forms of electronic medium. Most of the trade is carried on World Wide Web due to its large usage, besides it also involves the transportation of the physical goods from one place to another viashipping modes.
On one hand, electronic commerce conducted between two or more businesses is called Business-to-business or B2B. B2B is open to all interested parties like commodity exchange; or limited to specific pre-qualified participants like private electronic market.
On the other hand, electronic commerce that’s conducted between businesses and consumers is business-to-consumer or B2C. B2C is carried out between the sellers of various products and services in collaboration with its buyers. One of the best examples for this mode of electronic commerce is
www.amazon.com
It supplies its products and services to various customers across the globe through the World Wide Web as a platform of transportation.
Electronic commerce considered to be the sales aspect of E-business; besides, the exchange of data to facilitate the financing and payment aspects of the business transactions.
The concept of electronic commerce emerged in mid 70s and drastically changed its connotation over a period of time. During its beginning stages, electronic commerce was limited to a few means of the electronic media like electronic data interchange (EDI) and electronic funds transfer (EFT). . Both of them were introduced during the late 1970s, allowing the businesses to transfer the commercial documents like purchase orders or invoices electronically. Various forms of electronic commerce like credit cards, automated teller machines (ATM) and telephone banking started emerging in 1980s. Consequently, the growth and acceptance of these forms further increased the role and scope of electronic commerce.
Another form of electronic commerce is airline reservation system, represented bby Saber in the USA and Travicum in the UK. In addition to this, online shopping which is an important component of electronic commerce, was founded by Michael Aldrich in the UK in 1979. Mrs Jane Snowball of Gateshead, England was the first world’s first recorded online shopper. Since then, online shopping was extensively used in the UK by various auto manifacturers like Ford, Peugeot-Talbot, General Motors and Nissan. All the main companies and organisations used Aldrich systems. These systems depended on the switched public telephone network in dial-up and leased line modes, since there was no broadband connectivity during those days.
From the 1990s onwards, electronic commerce would additionally include enterprise resource planning systems (ERP), data mining and data warehousing.
The invention of WWW (World Wide Web) in 1990 by Tim Berners-Lee marked a revolution in the area of telecommunications. This invention transformed the academic telecommunications in to global, everyman every day communication system on the name of internet (WWW).
List of developments in E-commerce:
1979: Online shopping was invented in the UK by Michael Aldrich.
1982: Minitel was introduced nationwide in France by France Telecom and used for online ordering.
1987: Swreg begins to provide software and shareware authors means to sell their products online through an electronic Merchant account.
1990: Tim Berners-Lee writes the first web browser, WorldWideWeb, using a NeXT computer.
1992: J.H. Snider and Terra Ziporyn publish Future Shop: How New Technologies Will Change the Way We Shop and What We Buy. St. Martin's Press. ISBN 0312063598.
1994: Netscape releases the Navigator browser in October under the code name Mozilla. Pizza Hut offers pizza ordering on its Web page. The first online bank opens. Attempts to offer flower delivery and magazine subscriptions online. Adult materials also become commercially available, as do cars and bikes. Netscape 1.0 is introduced in late 1994 SSL encryption that made transactions secure.
1995: Jeff Bezos launches Amazon.com and the first commercial-free 24 hour, internet-only radio stations, Radio HK and NetRadio start broadcasting. Dell and Cisco begin to aggressively use Internet for commercial transactions. eBay is founded by computer programmer Pierre Omidyar as AuctionWeb.
1998: Electronic postal stamps can be purchased and downloaded for printing from the Web.
1999: Business.com sold for US $7.5 million to eCompanies, which was purchased in 1997 for US $149,000. The peer-to-peer filesharing software Napster launches. ATG Stores launches to sell decorative items for the home online.
2000: The dot-com bust.
2002: eBay acquires PayPal for $1.5 billion [6]. Niche retail companies CSN Stores and NetShops are founded with the concept of selling products through several targeted domains, rather than a central portal.
2003: Amazon.com posts first yearly profit.
2007: Business.com acquired by R.H. Donnelley for $345 million[7].
2008: US eCommerce and Online Retail sales projected to reach $204 billion, an increase of 17 percent over 2007[8].
Advantages and forms of E-commerce:
Contemporary electronic commerce facilitates the customers to conduct all their transactions from ordering for various goods and services like books, movies and all types of digital content that can be consumed online. It allows the customers to purchase everything from books or groceries and other expensive items like real estate online, just at a few computer strokes.
Another advantage of electronic commerce is online bill payment:
Most of the modern electronic commerce is carried out on the World Wide Web. It facilitates the user to make all their payments directly online. The user can pay his/her phone/power bill, and so on directly online with out visiting the providers and their centers for payments.
Inspite of this, online or internet banking is another form of electronic commerce. Many banks and other financial institutions carry out most of their transactions online through WWW of internet. It also facilitates an individual to make online payments, purchase stockes, transferr money from one account to another across the globe.
Large enterprises and corporations use the internet to exchange their financial data to facilitate their domestic and international trade. Data integraty and security and the most challenging issues of electronic commerce of today.
Conclusion:
Since there is a growing demand for E-commerce applications, Dot Logic Web Solutions P Ltd understood the importance and has been designing the web sites for various levels, for more details, please check out:
www.dotweb.in
www.skillbase.in
Electronic Commerce or Electronic Marketing is the process of conducting the business transactions through different forms of electronic media like tele-communications, internet and other computer networks. Electronic commerce involves the buying and selling of different kinds of products and services through various forms of electronic media like internet and other computer networks.
The sum of trade conducted under the banner of electronic commerce has grown tremendously during the last few years due to the popularity of internet and other electronic media. The use of commerce is conducted in this way, spurring and drawing on innovations in electronic funds transfer, supply chain management, Internet marketing, online transaction processing, electronic data interchange (EDI), inventory management systems, and automated data collection systems.
Modern E-Commerce uses the internet as the primary medium for conducting the business besides other forms of electronic medium. Most of the trade is carried on World Wide Web due to its large usage, besides it also involves the transportation of the physical goods from one place to another viashipping modes.
On one hand, electronic commerce conducted between two or more businesses is called Business-to-business or B2B. B2B is open to all interested parties like commodity exchange; or limited to specific pre-qualified participants like private electronic market.
On the other hand, electronic commerce that’s conducted between businesses and consumers is business-to-consumer or B2C. B2C is carried out between the sellers of various products and services in collaboration with its buyers. One of the best examples for this mode of electronic commerce is
www.amazon.com
It supplies its products and services to various customers across the globe through the World Wide Web as a platform of transportation.
Electronic commerce considered to be the sales aspect of E-business; besides, the exchange of data to facilitate the financing and payment aspects of the business transactions.
The concept of electronic commerce emerged in mid 70s and drastically changed its connotation over a period of time. During its beginning stages, electronic commerce was limited to a few means of the electronic media like electronic data interchange (EDI) and electronic funds transfer (EFT). . Both of them were introduced during the late 1970s, allowing the businesses to transfer the commercial documents like purchase orders or invoices electronically. Various forms of electronic commerce like credit cards, automated teller machines (ATM) and telephone banking started emerging in 1980s. Consequently, the growth and acceptance of these forms further increased the role and scope of electronic commerce.
Another form of electronic commerce is airline reservation system, represented bby Saber in the USA and Travicum in the UK. In addition to this, online shopping which is an important component of electronic commerce, was founded by Michael Aldrich in the UK in 1979. Mrs Jane Snowball of Gateshead, England was the first world’s first recorded online shopper. Since then, online shopping was extensively used in the UK by various auto manifacturers like Ford, Peugeot-Talbot, General Motors and Nissan. All the main companies and organisations used Aldrich systems. These systems depended on the switched public telephone network in dial-up and leased line modes, since there was no broadband connectivity during those days.
From the 1990s onwards, electronic commerce would additionally include enterprise resource planning systems (ERP), data mining and data warehousing.
The invention of WWW (World Wide Web) in 1990 by Tim Berners-Lee marked a revolution in the area of telecommunications. This invention transformed the academic telecommunications in to global, everyman every day communication system on the name of internet (WWW).
List of developments in E-commerce:
1979: Online shopping was invented in the UK by Michael Aldrich.
1982: Minitel was introduced nationwide in France by France Telecom and used for online ordering.
1987: Swreg begins to provide software and shareware authors means to sell their products online through an electronic Merchant account.
1990: Tim Berners-Lee writes the first web browser, WorldWideWeb, using a NeXT computer.
1992: J.H. Snider and Terra Ziporyn publish Future Shop: How New Technologies Will Change the Way We Shop and What We Buy. St. Martin's Press. ISBN 0312063598.
1994: Netscape releases the Navigator browser in October under the code name Mozilla. Pizza Hut offers pizza ordering on its Web page. The first online bank opens. Attempts to offer flower delivery and magazine subscriptions online. Adult materials also become commercially available, as do cars and bikes. Netscape 1.0 is introduced in late 1994 SSL encryption that made transactions secure.
1995: Jeff Bezos launches Amazon.com and the first commercial-free 24 hour, internet-only radio stations, Radio HK and NetRadio start broadcasting. Dell and Cisco begin to aggressively use Internet for commercial transactions. eBay is founded by computer programmer Pierre Omidyar as AuctionWeb.
1998: Electronic postal stamps can be purchased and downloaded for printing from the Web.
1999: Business.com sold for US $7.5 million to eCompanies, which was purchased in 1997 for US $149,000. The peer-to-peer filesharing software Napster launches. ATG Stores launches to sell decorative items for the home online.
2000: The dot-com bust.
2002: eBay acquires PayPal for $1.5 billion [6]. Niche retail companies CSN Stores and NetShops are founded with the concept of selling products through several targeted domains, rather than a central portal.
2003: Amazon.com posts first yearly profit.
2007: Business.com acquired by R.H. Donnelley for $345 million[7].
2008: US eCommerce and Online Retail sales projected to reach $204 billion, an increase of 17 percent over 2007[8].
Advantages and forms of E-commerce:
Contemporary electronic commerce facilitates the customers to conduct all their transactions from ordering for various goods and services like books, movies and all types of digital content that can be consumed online. It allows the customers to purchase everything from books or groceries and other expensive items like real estate online, just at a few computer strokes.
Another advantage of electronic commerce is online bill payment:
Most of the modern electronic commerce is carried out on the World Wide Web. It facilitates the user to make all their payments directly online. The user can pay his/her phone/power bill, and so on directly online with out visiting the providers and their centers for payments.
Inspite of this, online or internet banking is another form of electronic commerce. Many banks and other financial institutions carry out most of their transactions online through WWW of internet. It also facilitates an individual to make online payments, purchase stockes, transferr money from one account to another across the globe.
Large enterprises and corporations use the internet to exchange their financial data to facilitate their domestic and international trade. Data integraty and security and the most challenging issues of electronic commerce of today.
Conclusion:
Since there is a growing demand for E-commerce applications, Dot Logic Web Solutions P Ltd understood the importance and has been designing the web sites for various levels, for more details, please check out:
www.dotweb.in
www.skillbase.in
Thursday, September 3, 2009
Technical writing:
Technical writing:
With the expansion of various multinational companies through out the global economy, as a result of LPG “ Liberalization, globalization, and privatization”, it became very important for all the companies to educate the customers about their products and services.
In order to provide all the information about the companies and their products and services, they have adapted various means of advertisement
Such as tele-calling, flyers, brouchers, and user manuals etc.
In the process of their publicity, writing assumes a great significance besides the graphics, audio-visuals, electronic media etc.
There are different forms of writing, like the business writing, content writing, abstract writing, technical writing and so on.
All these forms of writing have the common objective in mind, to impress the customers with the content, contributing for the expansion of a company and its products and services.
Writing occupies a prominent place in the promotion of any company or the organization.
The clarity of a writer contributes tremendously to the promotion of a firm, it’s goods and services.
Based on the inputs you have now, you might be wondering, what this technical writing is.
As many believe, technical writing or technical communications is not writing about the rocket science or the brain surgery, it has nothing to do with aironautics,.
It does not mean you have to work or write about the computers all your life, need not write about programming.
In the world of rapid technological developments, people are falling behind and constantly becoming technological illiterates, resulting in the emergence of a new field called the technical writing.
Technical writing or technical communications is a craft which aims at communicating the information about a technical product or a topic to it’s technical and non-technical audience.
It is a new and different area where you are expected to write the content which is very technical in nature.
It is a unique field which expects you to use sixty percent of your writing and fourty percent of technical skills.
It is not confined to a single technical product, it expects you to be able to write about all kinds of technical topics.
In the recent past, it has acquired a great prominence due to lack of good writing skills among the technical professionals.
Therefore, it occupies a vital place in the industry with more growth and income potential.
Another important factor to be considered in technical writing or technical communications is the receiver of the information, the audience.
It is the delivery of the technical information to it’s reader (Viewer or listener),
The information conveyed should be in accordance with his or her level of understanding English, background.
Indeed, the element of audience is very important source for your performance as a technical writer. They challenge you to write about the products and services which can be understood by the beginner or non-specialist.
It may include graphics, images, presentations, diagrams, flow charts, audio-visuals, word or the text documents, and so on.
You need not be a trained graphic designer to be a technical writer, if you have the basic skills in word-processing is sufficient.
It is very important to impress a beginner or non-technical person with your content, through which you can play a crucial role in the expansion of a company and it’s services.
The role of a technical writer:
Though the role of a technical writer can be found indirectly before, during the development of a technical product, his or her direct role can be seen during the post-test of a technical product in the form of the preparation of user manuals, help files, tutorials, instructions, brouchers, flyers, release notes, and so on.
Before we assess the role of a technical writer in detail, let us know the process involved in development of a product.
“Note: this procedure is applicable only for large firms like IBM, MS, Wipro and so on, small firms and organizations have their own means of production”.
There are three important processes involved:
1. SDLC: “software development life cycle or system development life cycle”
2. . Technical writing process:
3. The different file types:
1. SDLC: “ System development life cycle, software development life cycle”
In SDLC, the following procedure is applicable for any reputed software firm.
Marketing department plays a very important role in manufacturing a product.
In the sense, it acts as a link between the company and the client.
It acts on the suggestions and the recommendations of a consumer.
Based on their recommendations the marketing team prepares a document called CRS, “ Customer requirements specifications”.
This will be sent to the system analyst, for consideration,
Based on the recommendations of the analyst, the software or the application begins taking shape.
This is followed by the testing by a tester, unless the sixty percent of testing is done a technical writer cannot come in to the picture.
Based on the suggestions of a tester, the required manuals for that particular product will be composed by a tech-writer.
This includes the product information, user manuals, help files, tutorials, instructions, release notes, in accordance with the requirements of the customers, in the manner which is adapted to them.
This should enable them to understand the material given by the company, the use of language, vocabulary, the sentence structure, and so on, should reflect the nature of a consumer, the manuals of a writer should realize the aims and objectives of the company.
These materials should be clearly understood by the customers.
The materials produced should be available in all the formats, this enables the customers to view the materials at their own preference.
Another important job of a tech-writer is to produce the technical reports of a company:
Much of the focus of a technical writer will be on writing lot of technical reports in accordance with the requirements, of customers.
These are very long documents of a company ensuring all fournished information by a consumer.
These reports should be divide of ambiguity, they should be clear.
The use of vocabulary, headings, links, graphics and other effects should be appropriate to the context.
You don’t need to do an exhaustive research to compile your report, instead you can pull the information from various sources likesome books and half a dozen articles.
You should concentrate more on writing than the research.
How well you incorporate the headings in to the document,
How far it is comprehensible to the reader,
How efficiently you use the graphics to convey the information better,
How far the language is accessible to the reader.
While writing a report the following issues should be addressed:
Subject:
You must decide which topic you want to compose your material on.
Defining the audience before the hand:
You must define the specific audience whom you are going to write your materials for.
Define the purpose of the report:
You should be clear with why you are writing this report,
Define the report type:
You must decide what kind of a report you are producing, is it the feasibility report, or evaluation report, instructions for the application.
Every report should contain the following items:
There should be true and reliable data in the report.
It should have at list one or two graphics.
It should be very realistic in nature.
It must not give any scope for imagination.
Thus, the field of technical writing is unique and very intresting profession, since it enhances one’s technical and writing skills.
It paves the way for all the companies to market their products better.
It ensures that the product is user -friendly.
It enables the companies to produce the goods according to the requirements of the customers.
With the advent of various multinational companies in to our nation the technical writing has acquired much significance.
With the expansion of various multinational companies through out the global economy, as a result of LPG “ Liberalization, globalization, and privatization”, it became very important for all the companies to educate the customers about their products and services.
In order to provide all the information about the companies and their products and services, they have adapted various means of advertisement
Such as tele-calling, flyers, brouchers, and user manuals etc.
In the process of their publicity, writing assumes a great significance besides the graphics, audio-visuals, electronic media etc.
There are different forms of writing, like the business writing, content writing, abstract writing, technical writing and so on.
All these forms of writing have the common objective in mind, to impress the customers with the content, contributing for the expansion of a company and its products and services.
Writing occupies a prominent place in the promotion of any company or the organization.
The clarity of a writer contributes tremendously to the promotion of a firm, it’s goods and services.
Based on the inputs you have now, you might be wondering, what this technical writing is.
As many believe, technical writing or technical communications is not writing about the rocket science or the brain surgery, it has nothing to do with aironautics,.
It does not mean you have to work or write about the computers all your life, need not write about programming.
In the world of rapid technological developments, people are falling behind and constantly becoming technological illiterates, resulting in the emergence of a new field called the technical writing.
Technical writing or technical communications is a craft which aims at communicating the information about a technical product or a topic to it’s technical and non-technical audience.
It is a new and different area where you are expected to write the content which is very technical in nature.
It is a unique field which expects you to use sixty percent of your writing and fourty percent of technical skills.
It is not confined to a single technical product, it expects you to be able to write about all kinds of technical topics.
In the recent past, it has acquired a great prominence due to lack of good writing skills among the technical professionals.
Therefore, it occupies a vital place in the industry with more growth and income potential.
Another important factor to be considered in technical writing or technical communications is the receiver of the information, the audience.
It is the delivery of the technical information to it’s reader (Viewer or listener),
The information conveyed should be in accordance with his or her level of understanding English, background.
Indeed, the element of audience is very important source for your performance as a technical writer. They challenge you to write about the products and services which can be understood by the beginner or non-specialist.
It may include graphics, images, presentations, diagrams, flow charts, audio-visuals, word or the text documents, and so on.
You need not be a trained graphic designer to be a technical writer, if you have the basic skills in word-processing is sufficient.
It is very important to impress a beginner or non-technical person with your content, through which you can play a crucial role in the expansion of a company and it’s services.
The role of a technical writer:
Though the role of a technical writer can be found indirectly before, during the development of a technical product, his or her direct role can be seen during the post-test of a technical product in the form of the preparation of user manuals, help files, tutorials, instructions, brouchers, flyers, release notes, and so on.
Before we assess the role of a technical writer in detail, let us know the process involved in development of a product.
“Note: this procedure is applicable only for large firms like IBM, MS, Wipro and so on, small firms and organizations have their own means of production”.
There are three important processes involved:
1. SDLC: “software development life cycle or system development life cycle”
2. . Technical writing process:
3. The different file types:
1. SDLC: “ System development life cycle, software development life cycle”
In SDLC, the following procedure is applicable for any reputed software firm.
Marketing department plays a very important role in manufacturing a product.
In the sense, it acts as a link between the company and the client.
It acts on the suggestions and the recommendations of a consumer.
Based on their recommendations the marketing team prepares a document called CRS, “ Customer requirements specifications”.
This will be sent to the system analyst, for consideration,
Based on the recommendations of the analyst, the software or the application begins taking shape.
This is followed by the testing by a tester, unless the sixty percent of testing is done a technical writer cannot come in to the picture.
Based on the suggestions of a tester, the required manuals for that particular product will be composed by a tech-writer.
This includes the product information, user manuals, help files, tutorials, instructions, release notes, in accordance with the requirements of the customers, in the manner which is adapted to them.
This should enable them to understand the material given by the company, the use of language, vocabulary, the sentence structure, and so on, should reflect the nature of a consumer, the manuals of a writer should realize the aims and objectives of the company.
These materials should be clearly understood by the customers.
The materials produced should be available in all the formats, this enables the customers to view the materials at their own preference.
Another important job of a tech-writer is to produce the technical reports of a company:
Much of the focus of a technical writer will be on writing lot of technical reports in accordance with the requirements, of customers.
These are very long documents of a company ensuring all fournished information by a consumer.
These reports should be divide of ambiguity, they should be clear.
The use of vocabulary, headings, links, graphics and other effects should be appropriate to the context.
You don’t need to do an exhaustive research to compile your report, instead you can pull the information from various sources likesome books and half a dozen articles.
You should concentrate more on writing than the research.
How well you incorporate the headings in to the document,
How far it is comprehensible to the reader,
How efficiently you use the graphics to convey the information better,
How far the language is accessible to the reader.
While writing a report the following issues should be addressed:
Subject:
You must decide which topic you want to compose your material on.
Defining the audience before the hand:
You must define the specific audience whom you are going to write your materials for.
Define the purpose of the report:
You should be clear with why you are writing this report,
Define the report type:
You must decide what kind of a report you are producing, is it the feasibility report, or evaluation report, instructions for the application.
Every report should contain the following items:
There should be true and reliable data in the report.
It should have at list one or two graphics.
It should be very realistic in nature.
It must not give any scope for imagination.
Thus, the field of technical writing is unique and very intresting profession, since it enhances one’s technical and writing skills.
It paves the way for all the companies to market their products better.
It ensures that the product is user -friendly.
It enables the companies to produce the goods according to the requirements of the customers.
With the advent of various multinational companies in to our nation the technical writing has acquired much significance.
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